Water-cooling device.



No- 830,423. PATENTED SEPT. 4, 1906.

G. FERNWELL.

WATER COOLING- DEVIGE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1906.

W/ TNE SSE 8 INVENTOR 600% m g e mweze wm ATTORNEYS UNITED sTATEs PATENT 'oEEIoE' GEORGE FERNWELL, or, NEW-YORK, N, Y., ASSIGNOR o THE METAL STAMPING COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y.. A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

No. sso,4 2s.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1906.

Application filed March 14, 1906. Serial 1a. 305,944. Y

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORG FERNWELL, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, (whose postoffice address is N o. 329 West Fourth street,)

have invented certain new and useful Im 'provements in Water-Cooling Devices, of

which the following is, a specification.

My lnvention relates to heating and cooling devices, and especially'tothose in which pair.

1 costly and diflicult, and v of the device is difficult if pable the solution to be cooled is made to circulate about a plurality of air-spaces, as in automobile water-coolers.

The objects of my invention are to provide an efficient, economical, strong, and simple device and one easy to manufacture andre- I attain these objects in the device described and illustrated in the accompanying description and drawings, in which like numerals refer to like parts throughout thevarlous views.

Heretofore in, devices particularly when constructed for use in automobiles for cooling the water circulating about the heated cylinders, the circulation has not been sufficiently distributed or broken up, and the efficiency of the cooling-surfaces has not been fully developed or taken advantage of. Moreover, the usual construction is an injury to any part to repair. By my invention an injury'is generally caof local repair without affecting the rest of the device, and the various cells are so shaped and arranged relative to each other and the surrounding medium that the maxinolnically,

mum heating or cooling effect is quickly, ecoand efficiently accomplished.

Referring to the figures, Figure 1 is an elevation of a part of a device constructed according to my invention and improvement. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view showing the frontv assembling-plate removed to disclose the circulation of the fluid between the open cells. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 represent certain modifications; Fig. 4 being a front view, and Fig. 5 a side view, of the same modification, Fig. 6 being a front view of a different construction.

In the figures, 1 is the front plate, and 2 the rear plate, pierced with holes 3, preferably hexagonal in shape. These holes may be made in any well-known way; but I prefer to of ,this description,

punch them in the sheet as being'quicker,

cheaper, and more accurate and satisfactory 1n every way.

4 represents tubes, preferably made of copper or some other good heatconductor. These tubes are preferably soldered at their ends into the plates 1 2.

5 is the apex of the hexagonal tube splitting the current of fluid descending through the space directly over it; 6 the vertical space between the parallel vertical sides of the adjacent tubes.

7 7 represent the upper inclined surfaces of the tubes; 8 8, the vertical faces or sides; 9 9,. the lower inclined surfaces. 10 10 are the spaces between the upper inclined surfaces of one horizontal series or row of tubes and'the lower inclined surfaces of the adjacent tubes in the series or row either above or below.

In Figs. 4 and 5 are shown strips criinped so that .when the tubes 4 are assembled the strips separate them and at the same time form a lattice, which, together with the ends of the tubes, forms the front and back or faces of the receptacle. I

12 represents the portions of the strips which by separating the tubes form the diagonal spaces, as10 10, Fig' 3, and 13 those portions which, together with the corresponding portions of the adjoining strip, form in the same way the vertical space 6.

By soldering the strips and ends of the tubes flat faces are formed corresponding to the plates 1 2 in Figs. 1 and 2, between which the circulation goes on about the tubes.

In Fig. 6 is shown a wire-netting which forms a lattice in which the twisted portion corresponds to the part 13 ofthe crimped strips shown in Fig. 4 and the single portion .15 corresponding to the part 12 of those strips.

Referring now to Fig. 3, it will benoted that the arrangement of the tubes is such that the inclined channels 10 are each a little wider than one-half the width of the vertical channel 6 and thatthe upper edge or ridge 5 of the tube in one row is directly beneath the center of the vertical channel between the adjacent tubes of the row directly above.

I find it a great advantage to make the vertical spaces about twice the width of the diagonal ones, since it insures a more thorough 1 break-up of'the several streams, necessitates a steady and quick flow around all the tubes,

. other side.

as well as other advantages. It also makes the current more regular and constant and results in the greatest efficiency in cooling with the least quantity of water, and thus is more efficient for unity of weight, of area, and of cost.

The operation of the device is as follows, assuming the structure to be employed as a water-cooler, as for automobiles: The current of heated water passes down through the wide channel, as indicated by the arrows A, between the vertical sides 8 of the adj acent tubes. Those portions of the water next the sides 8 are of course cooled by the con* tact with the walls of the tubes, which are themselves cooled by the current of air passing through the tubes. On reaching the point of divergence of the channel 10 the water passes into the latter, as indicated by the arrows, and joins the current which has come down through the inclined channel on the The center part of the combined flow is evidently the hottest, since the edges are in contact with the cool walls 8.

As has been pointed out, the edge 5 of the tube in the row beneath splits this hotter center and causes it to divide, the component parts passing on either side throu h the channels 10 and in contact with the si es 7, 8, and 9. The process is repeated till the bottom of the device is reached.

It will be evident that the device may be employed for various purposes, as cooling or heating, the effect depending upon the condition of the circulating fluid outside or inside the tubes. For instance, if cold water were circulated about the tubes then the air or other fluid in the tubes would be cooled, or if it were desired to heat or cool the surrounding fiuid that effect would be produced by passing a-fluid having the proper temperature or quality through the tube Where I have used the word lattice I mean by this a grating or grille-like structure which may be formed from a single sheet or which may be formed of a plurality of component parts united or joined so as to form a structure similar to a lattice in which the ends of the tubes may be placed and by which said tubes may be supported and sep-/ arated from each other, and it is understood that this lattice is not limited to any particular design, form, material, or structure.

Where I have specified the location or ar-' rangement of an element of my device, I mean this approximately and not necessarily exactly. Moreover, I do not limit myself to any particular proportion, material, or design, or to any particular shape or dimension of the tubes, exce t as hereinafter specified, nor to any particu ar method or form of construction, except as so specified; but

What I clalm, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is.-

1. A receptacle having, a front and rear plate pierced with hexagonal holes, a pluralityof open hexa onal tubes arranged in parallel rows and aving their corresponding sides parallel, the ends of which tubes are secured in said holes, so that the vertical spaces between said tubes are ap roximately twice the width of the diagonal spaces, and the tubes of each row have one of their angles approximately beneath the center of said vertical s ace.

2. receptacle having, a plurality of open polygonal tubes, arranged in parallel rows with an angle uppermost, each tube in each horizontal row being separated from the adjacent tube in the same row by a space twice as wide as the space separating it from the nearest tube in the adjacent row, the upper angle of each tube being beneath the center of the space separating the tubes of the row immediately above.

' 3. A receptacle havin face, in which are secure rows of open hexagonal tubes having one of their angles vertical, each tube being separated from the adjacent tube in the same row by a space twice the width of the s ace separating it from the nearest tube in tlie adjacent row; the vertical angle of each tube being beneath the center of the spacese arating the tubes of the row immediately a ove.

4. A receptacle having rows of hexagonal tubes havin one of their angles vertical, each tube being separated from the adjacent tube in the same row by a space twice thewidth of the space separating it from the nearest tube in the adjacent row, said tubes being open at each end and extending throu h the rece tacle.

5. A recep'tac e having rows of horizontal hexagonal tubes, one angle of each tube be-'.

ing vertical and each tube being separated from theadjacent tube in the same row by a space twice the width of the space separating it from the nearest tube in the adjacent row, said tubes being open at each end and extending through the receptacle.

6. A receptacle having rows of horizontal hexagonal tubes extending therethrough, the tubes in each row being nearer to the tubes of the adjacent rows than to the adjacent tubes in their own row, the tubes being staggered as regards those in the rows above and below,

and the corresponding faces of the tubes being parallel.

7. A receptacle having rows of horizontal hexagonal tubes extending therethrough, the tubes in each row being nearer to the tubes of the adjacent rows than to the adjacent tube in its own row.

8. A receptacle having rows of horizontal hexagonal tubes extending therethrough, the

a front and rear hexagonal tubes ex tending therethrou tubes 1n each row being nearer the tube adj aoent rows than to the a 5 own row, and one of th being Vertically dispos between the tubes in;

10. receptacle tubes supported and separated at ea 10 by a lattice, the eleme the sha e of the tube tions 0 said lattice b nts of which conform to s, and the Vertical poreing of twice the thickg rows of horizontal I ness of the diagonal parts so as to separate gh, the f the tubes in the same row by approximately sof the l twice the space separating the tubes in one 15 djacent tubes in its row from the tubes in an adjacent row. e angles of each tube ed beneath the space. Y mediately over it. comprising a plurality of Signed at New York, in the county. of New ork and State of New York, this 6th day of March, 1906.

h end GEORGE FERNWELL.

Witnesses:

A. S. HoUeHToN, HENRY S. REYNOLDS. 

